Research in Higher Education Institutions -- A Comparative Study of Select Countries

This study explores the Higher Education Research & Development (HERD) architecture of India, China, the US, Japan, and South Korea using a capacity-complexity framework. Grounded in the new growth model, it analyzes how state funding and HERD intersect with regulatory hurdles like researcher autonomy and private sector engagement. By identifying specific impediments to Indian institutional output, the research highlights the gap between investment and research execution. It reveals that long-term economic development depends heavily on balancing R&D capacity with a streamlined regulatory environment.